Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles Research Articles

Green synthesis of CdS/flaxseed mucilage nanocomposite films using gamma irradiation for packaging applications

Abstract The most common ways to produce nanoparticles are through chemical and physical processes, which can be expensive and environmentally hazardous. Using plant extracts (green synthesis) as reducing and capping agents is a simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly method of lowering the usage of dangerous chemicals in the synthesis of metal nanoparticles. This study covers the environmentally friendly synthesis of cadmium sulphide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) using a blend of flaxseed extracts (FM), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and chitosan (Cs). The composites are then exposed to gamma irradiation at doses of 20 kGy and 40 kGy. UV–VIS absorption spectroscopy, SEM, HRTEM, EDX, and FTIR were used to analyse the produced nanocomposite films. UV–Vis absorption spectra showed considerable surface Plasmon resonance (SPR) bands at 396–440 nm, indicating that CdS NPs had been successfully synthesized. A progressive red shift in wavelength was noted, along with the broadening of the absorption band as the irradiation dose increased. Transmission electron microscopy pictures revealed that the generated CdS nanostructures were dispersed as spherical nanoparticles with remarkable structural homogeneity. Tensile strength and elongation measurements of the films revealed that the inclusion of CdS NPs improved their mechanical properties. The addition of CdS NPs to the current blends limits biodegradation in soil. Thermal gravimetric analysis findings showed that CdS NPs included in FM/PVA films had improved thermal stability. The antimicrobial activities of the tested films were performed against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. The results revealed that all of the films exhibited more antibacterial activity against S. aureus than the two others, with the highest activity observed in nanocomposites with a high concentration of CdS.

Metal-Based Nanomaterials for the Sensing of NSAIDS.

Cadmium sulfide and zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared, characterized and used as electrode modifiers for the sensing of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): naproxen and mobic. The structural and morphological characterization of the synthesized nanoparticles was carried out by XRD, UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR and scanning electron microscopy. The electrode's enhanced surface area facilitated the signal amplification of the selected NSAIDs. The CdS-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) enhanced the electro-oxidation signals of naproxen to four times that of the bare GCE, while the ZnO-modified GCE led to a two-fold enhancement in the electro-oxidation signals of mobic. The oxidation of both NSAIDs occurred in a pH-dependent manner, suggesting the involvement of protons in their electron transfer reactions. The experimental conditions for the sensing of naproxen and mobic were optimized and, under optimized conditions, the modified electrode surface demonstrated the qualities of sensitivity and selectivity, and a fast responsiveness to the target NSAIDs.

Characterization and participation of biomolecules in CdS-NPs synthesis from an aqueous extract of Fusarium oxysporum with potential application in metal detection

Fungal extracts contain biomolecules that may be used as reducing agents and stabilizers during the synthesis and coating of nanoparticles (NPs). However, fungal extracts are complex in composition; thus, specific applications can be a challenge. The present work aims to partially characterize the biomolecules present in the aqueous extract of Fusarium oxysporum, which is subsequently used for the synthesis of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS-NPs) with potential application for metal detection. The aqueous extract of Fusarium oxysporum was characterized by UPLC-MS and by its ferric-reducing antioxidant power, NADH, -SH groups, and protein content as well. Synthesis of CdS-NPs was performed using the fungal extract, Cd(NO3)2*4H2O, and two sulfur precursors (S° and Na2SO3). Metal detection (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) was assessed by CdS-NPs synthesized from both sulfur precursors. Chromatographic analysis evidenced the presence of compounds within 100 to 300 Da, which may be involved in CdS-NPs synthesis. It was confirmed that only CdS-NPs obtained from Na2SO3 were able to qualitatively detect Co2+ at pH 8 and Pb2+, Cr6+, and Fe3+ at pH 4.

Structural Properties, Energy Interaction, and Applications of CdS Nanomaterial Doped with Rare‐Earth Ions

AbstractSpectroscopic analysis of trivalent praseodymium (Pr+3) and neodymium (Nd+3) ions have received very much interest and reveals good fluorescence efficiency in visible and near IR (NIR) region. Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanomaterial sample doped with Pr+3 and Nd+3 ions are synthesized at room temperature by simple chemical precipitation method. The synthesized sample has been characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction studies, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectra. Absorption spectra of CdS:Nd3+ and CdS:Pr3+ nanoparticles have been recorded at room temperature. Various parameters such as interplanar spacing, micro strain, dislocation density, distortion parameter, and particle size of nanomaterial are computed. TEM and XRD analysis reveal the spherical structure of the CdS:Nd3+ and CdS:Pr3+ nanoparticles in the prepared samples. Energy interaction parameters of the CdS:Nd3+ and CdS:Pr3+ nanoparticles are computed using UV‐visible absorption spectrum. Actually, CdS nanoparticle amplifies the luminescence intensity of Pr+3, Nd+3 ions by up conversion processes. So energy transfer can be observed from CdS nanoparticles doped with Pr+3, Nd+3 ions. Therefore, the use of pump sources and diode lasers in the UV range can be used to excite these samples to work as lasers. CdS:Nd3+ and CdS:Pr3+ nanoparticles find potential application as a window material for hetero‐junction solar cell, light emitting diodes (LED), biological sensors, address decoders, gas detectors, opto‐electronic devices, etc. CdS nanomaterials are also used as pigment in paints and in engineered plastic due to their good thermal stability.

Leveraging electronic interactions in poly (O-toluidine)/ cadmium sulfide nanocomposite for improved nitrogen dioxide sensing

Detecting nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at room temperature remains challenging for current gas sensor technologies. This study aims to address these limitations by developing chemiresistive sensors based on poly (O-toluidine) (POT)/Cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanocomposites. The combination of POT and CdS nanoparticles creates a specialized architecture to enable swift and sensitive NO2 detection at room temperature. Gas sensing evaluations demonstrated significant performance enhancements including 104/73 s response/recovery times and 73% sensitivity at 60 ppm NO2. The sensors also showed repeatability over cycles and stability over 60 days. Comparative analysis confirmed that integrating POT with CdS amplifies sensitivity and reduces response times compared to using POT alone. This establishes a materials-by-design strategy to surpass existing gas sensing limitations.

Prolific application of green synthesised CdS nanoparticles for the sequestration of cationic dyes from aqueous solution

Synthesis of cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles using watermelon rind aqueous extract was explored for its effectiveness in eliminating Methylene Blue (MB) and Crystal Violet (CV) dyes from water. The synthesised CdS nanoparticles were characterised with XRD, TEM and EDX and found to be around 10 nm in size with spherical shape. A central composite design was developed to optimise independent variables such as pH, contact time and initial concentrations. The developed quadratic model was found to be significant with p-value <0.0001 and lack of fit >0.005 suggesting the reliability of the model. Isotherm modelling analysis revealed that Langmuir and Freundlich's isotherms provided better explanation for the equilibrium data. The loading capacities of the CdS nanoparticles were found be 227.3 and 185.1 mg g-1, respectively for MB and CV. The experimental data showed a good fit with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating that chemical reactions were the determining factor in controlling the rate-limiting step. Thermodynamic analyses indicated that the process was spontaneous and exothermic. Desorption and regeneration investigations demonstrated that CdS nanoparticles could be successfully regenerated up to 5 times and reused in the adsorption process. The results conclude that the CdS nanoparticles are capable of remediating water containing cationic dyes.
 KEY WORDS: Watermelon rind, CdS nanoparticles, Synthetic dyes, Adsorption, RSM
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 631-645.                                                           
 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.7                                          

Synergistic promotion for the performance of photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction by vacancy engineering and N-doped carbon nanotubes

The structural devise of photocatalytic materials are closely related to the separation of photogenerated carriers and the transport of charge, which is crucial to enhance the performance of photocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR). Here, a photocatalyst (CdS-SV@Co@NCNT) has been successfully prepared by growing cadmium sulfide nanoparticles with sulfur vacancies on N-doped carbon nanotubes through a simple solvothermal method. The intrinsic electronic structure is regulated by sulfur vacancies to promote photocatalytic activity. Meanwhile, a larger specific surface area of Co@NCNT could expose more reaction sites and shorten the transfer distance of photogenerated carriers. Furthermore, the combination with Co@NCNT could effectively suppress the photocorrosion of CdS. The possible photocatalytic CO2RR path is further speculated by in-situ infrared test results, in which CO2 molecules adsorbed on sulfur vacancies preferentially generate important intermediate COOH*, which is then reduced to CO and CH4. Therefore, it exhibits a high CO yield of 263.3 μmol·g−1·h−1 and trace of CH4 while showing excellent stability. This research provides a novel idea for designing the photocatalysts with highly active and stability for CO2RR.

Zinc oxide‐cadmium(II) sulfide heterostructure as a potential photocatalyst for preparing substituted chromenes and its anti‐liver cancer activity

There are ongoing studies on the potential use of chromene derivatives in liver cancer therapy. They have shown promising results in preclinical studies for liver cancer, including inhibiting tumor growth and inducing apoptosis. Herein, the nanosized hybrid material zinc oxide (ZnO)–cadmium sulfide (CdS) is prepared using a green and ecofriendly procedure. The nanomaterial was characterized by FE‐SEM, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray, DRS, X‐ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The photocatalytic proficiency of ZnO–CdS was then scrutinized in the fabrication of some 4H‐chromenes in a mild condition. The outcomes of this study revealed that the nanophotocatalyst has high photocatalytic reactivity and acceptable reusability in the desired condensation reaction. Furthermore, a preliminary in vitro cellular toxicity assay was performed on ZnO–CdS nanoparticles using HepG2 cancer cell line through MTT assay.

Low-Toxicity Self-Photosensitized Biohybrid Systems for Enhanced Light-Driven H2 Production.

Nanoparticles (NPs) represent a potential optoelectronic source capable of significantly boosting hydrogen production; however, their inevitable cytotoxicity may lead to oxidative damage of bacterial cell membranes. In this study, we employed non-photosynthetic Escherichia coli K-12 as a model organism and utilized self-assembled cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles to construct a low-toxicity and hydrogen-production-enhancing self-photosensitive hybrid system. To mitigate the cytotoxicity of CdS NPs and synthesize biocompatible CdS NPs on the cell surface, we employed engineered E. coli (efeB/OE) for bioremediation, achieving this goal through the overexpression of the peroxidase enzyme (EfeB). A comparative analysis with E. coli-CdS revealed a significant downregulation of genes encoding oxidative stress proteins in efeB/OE-CdS post-irradiation. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) confirmed the stability of bacterial cell membranes. Due to the enhanced stability of the cell membrane, the hydrogen yield of the efeB/OE-CdS system increased by 1.3 times compared to the control, accompanied by a 49.1% reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) content. This study proposes an effective strategy to alleviate the toxicity of mixed biological nanoparticle systems and efficiently harness optoelectronic electrons, thereby achieving higher hydrogen production in bioremediation.

The superiority of the photocatalytic and antibacterial performance of mechanochemically synthesized CdS nanoparticles over solvothermal-prepared ones

In this work, we have developed a facile, dry, and environmentally friendly mechanochemical method for the synthesis of cadmium sulfide (m-CdS) nanoparticles in a planetary ball mill using non-toxic precursors. Thiourea was for the first time used as a precursor of sulfide ion in room temperature solid state ball milling synthesis. For comparison of the mechanochemical approach with others, cadmium sulfide nanoparticles were also prepared using the solvothermal method (s-CdS). The crystal structure of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles was studied by XRD, the qualitative chemical band properties were examined by Raman scattering and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, and particle morphology and microstructure were investigated by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy methods. The sizes of the m-CdS nanoparticles had 5–6 nm in diameter, which is 10 times smaller than the diameter of s-CdS nanorods. The photocatalytic activities of as-prepared cadmium sulfide nanoparticles on the dye degradation and hydrogen production by water splitting were evaluated and the antibacterial activities were also tested. The photocatalytic activity of m-CdS was superior to that of s-CdS in the degradation of Orange II under visible light irradiation. Better results for m-CdS were also evidenced in photocatalytic experiments on hydrogen generation. The maximum rate of hydrogen evolution for m-CdS was 191.9 µmolg−1h−1 at the 120th min,while this indicator for s-CdS was only 58.0 µmolg−1h−1 at the same irradiation time.The better effect of m-CdS was evidenced also in an antibacterial study (namely against gram-positive bacteria).

Minicells as an Escherichia coli mechanism for the accumulation and disposal of fluorescent cadmium sulphide nanoparticles

BackgroundBacterial biosynthesis of fluorescent nanoparticles or quantum dots (QDs) has emerged as a unique mechanism for heavy metal tolerance. However, the physiological pathways governing the removal of QDs from bacterial cells remains elusive. This study investigates the role of minicells, previously identified as a means of eliminating damaged proteins and enhancing bacterial resistance to stress. Building on our prior work, which unveiled the formation of minicells during cadmium QDs biosynthesis in Escherichia coli, we hypothesize that minicells serve as a mechanism for the accumulation and detoxification of QDs in bacterial cells.ResultsIntracellular biosynthesis of CdS QDs was performed in E. coli mutants ΔminC and ΔminCDE, known for their minicell-producing capabilities. Fluorescence microscopy analysis demonstrated that the generated minicells exhibited fluorescence emission, indicative of QD loading. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the presence of nanoparticles in minicells, while energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) revealed the coexistence of cadmium and sulfur. Cadmium quantification through flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) demonstrated that minicells accumulated a higher cadmium content compared to rod cells. Moreover, fluorescence intensity analysis suggested that minicells accumulated a greater quantity of fluorescent nanoparticles, underscoring their efficacy in QD removal. Biosynthesis dynamics in minicell-producing strains indicated that biosynthesized QDs maintained high fluorescence intensity even during prolonged biosynthesis times, suggesting continuous QD clearance in minicells.ConclusionsThese findings support a model wherein E. coli utilizes minicells for the accumulation and removal of nanoparticles, highlighting their physiological role in eliminating harmful elements and maintaining cellular fitness. Additionally, this biosynthesis system presents an opportunity for generating minicell-coated nanoparticles with enhanced biocompatibility for diverse applications.Graphical

Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles compositing with chitosan and metal-organic framework: Enhanced photostability and increased carbon dioxide reduction

Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles compositing with chitosan and metal-organic framework: Enhanced photostability and increased carbon dioxide reduction

A hybrid photocatalytic system enables direct glucose utilization for methanogenesis

Integration of methanogenic archaea with photocatalysts presents a sustainable solution for solar-driven methanogenesis. However, maximizing CH4 conversion efficiency remains challenging due to the intrinsic energy conservation and strictly restricted substrates of methanogenic archaea. Here, we report a solar-driven biotic-abiotic hybrid (biohybrid) system by incorporating cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles with a rationally designed methanogenic archaeon Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A, in which the glucose synergist protein and glucose kinase, an energy-efficient route for glucose transport and phosphorylation from Zymomonas mobilis, were implemented to facilitate nonnative substrate glucose for methanogenesis. We demonstrate that the photo-excited electrons facilitate membrane-bound electron transport chain, thereby augmenting the Na+ and H+ ion gradients across membrane to enhance adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis. Additionally, this biohybrid system promotes the metabolism of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A (AcCoA) and inhibits the flow of AcCoA to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, resulting in a 1.26-fold augmentation in CH4 production from glucose-derived carbon. Our results provide a unique strategy for enhancing methanogenesis through rational biohybrid design and reprogramming, which gives a promising avenue for sustainably manufacturing value-added chemicals.

Sodium lauryl sulphate-mediated synthesis: Unravelling the optimization path for enhanced stability and optical properties of cadmium sulphide nanoparticles

This research paper explores the synthesis of cadmium sulphide nanoparticles using sodium lauryl sulphate as a stabilizing agent through the co-precipitation method. The structural properties were investigated using X-ray diffractometry, while optical properties were analysed through UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were employed to study the morphology and elemental mapping of the nanoparticles. The co-precipitation synthesis, synergized with sodium lauryl sulphate assisted stabilization, affords a scientific vantage point into the intricate mechanisms through which sodium lauryl sulphate intricately tailors the optical and stability profiles of nanoparticles. Additionally, the effects of different concentrations of sodium lauryl sulphate were examined to determine the optimal concentration for desired properties. The optimal concentration of 1.5 g yielded cadmium sulphide nanoparticles with desirable characteristics, featuring a band gap of 2.07 eV. The findings presented herein contribute significantly to advancing our understanding of sodium lauryl sulphate capped cadmium sulphide nanoparticles and highlight their potential application in enhancing photocatalyst efficiency.This research holds exciting prospects for the creation of eco-friendly and highly efficient innovations, with extensive implications for the environmental and industrial sectors.

[Study on reproductive toxicity of nano-cadmium sulfide with different particle sizes on male mice].

Objective: To investigate the reproductive toxicity of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (Nano-CdS) with different particle sizes on male mice. Methods: In January 2019, 30 SPF grade male mice were randomly divided into a control group, an experimental group[CdS Ⅰ group (particle size approximately 5 nm), and a CdS Ⅱ group (particle size approximately 50 nm) ], with 10 mice in each group. The experimental group was orally gavaged with 100 mg/kg, once a day, while the control group was gavaged with an equal volume of physiological saline for 45 consecutive days. After 45 days, levels of cadmium accumulation in testis were determined directly by AAS, deformity and testicular histopathological changes were also observed. Serum testosterone levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay (ELISA), expression levels of P450scc, 17β-HSD and P450c17 mRNA were determined by real-time PCR. P450c17 protein was determinated by Western Blot. Results: The histopathological results showed that the testes of the experimental group mice showed varying degrees of damage; Ultrastructural observation showed that the ultrastructure of mouse testicular cells in each experimental group showed varying degrees of mitochondrial expansion and disappearance of cristae, as well as irregular nuclear membranes. The degree of damage in CdS Ⅰ group was milder than that in CdS Ⅱ group. Compared with the control group, the cadmium content in the testes of the CdS Ⅰ and CdS Ⅱ groups significantly increased (P=0.001, 0.001), and the CdS Ⅱ group was higher than the CdS Ⅰ group (P=0.001). Compared with the control group, the levels of testosterone in the CdS Ⅰ and CdS Ⅱ groups decreased with statistical significance (P=0.001, 0.001). Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR results showed that compared with the control group, the experimental group's P450scc, 17β-HSD. The expression levels of 17β-HSD and P450c17 mRNA were significantly reduced, with statistically significant differences (P=0.001, 0.001, 0.001), and CdS Ⅱ group 17β-HSD. The expression levels of 17β-HSD and P450c17 mRNA were significantly lower than those of CdS Ⅰ group (P=0.001, 0.036). The Western Blot assay results showed that the expression levels of P450c17 protein in the testes of CdS Ⅰ and CdS Ⅱ groups of mice were significantly reduced, with statistical significance (P=0.001, 0.001) ; And the CdS Ⅱ group was significantly lower than the CdS Ⅰ group (P=0.001). According to Spearman correlation analysis, testosterone levels are correlated with P450scc, P450c17, 17β-HSD mRNA. There is a highly positive correlation between 17β-HSD mRNA levels, with statistically significant differences (r(s)=0.88, 0.80, 0.70, P=0.001, 0.001, 0.004) . Conclusion: Nano cadmium sulfide may induce reproductive toxicity by reducing the expression levels of key enzyme genes and enzyme protein activity in testosterone and its synthesis in mice, and the CdS Ⅱ group has a stronger toxic effect.

Hyperfine splitting and ferromagnetism in CdS : Mn nanoparticles for optoelectronic device applications

Manganese (Mn) doped cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanoparticles were synthesized using a chemical method. It was possible to decrease CdS : Mn particle size by increasing Mn concentration. Investigation techniques such as ultraviolet−visible (UV−Vis) absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were used to determine optical properties of CdS : Mn nanoparticles. Size quantization effect was observed in UV−Vis absorption spectra. Quantum efficiency for luminescence or the internal magnetic field strength was increased by doping CdS nanoparticles with Mn element. Orange emission was observed at wavelength ~630 nm due to 4T1 → 6A1 transition. Isolated Mn2+ ions arranged in tetrahedral coordination are mainly responsible for luminescence. Luminescence quenching and the effect of Mn doping on hyperfine interactions in the case of CdS nanoparticles were also discussed. The corresponding weight percentage of Mn element actually incorporated in doping process was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Crystallinity was checked and the average size of nanoparticles was estimated using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. CdS : Mn nanoparticles show ferromagnetism at room temperature. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images show spherical clusters of various sizes and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns show the polycrystalline nature of the clusters. The electronic states of diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS) of Ⅱ−Ⅵ group CdS nanoparticles give them great potential for applications due to quantum confinement. In this study, experimental results and discussions on these aspects have been given.

Murraya Paniculata Mediated Synthesis of Cds Nanoparticles for Potent Biomedical Applications

The leaf extract of Murraya paniculata (MPL) is used to create cadmium sulphide nanoparticles, or CdS NPs and the reducing and stabilizing agent is plant extract. A crucial capping agent in nano production is played by phytochemicals. Analytical methods such as XRD and FTIR are used to characterize CdS NPs. The biomedical applications of prepared CdS NPs were examined, including their anticancer, antifungal, and antibacterial properties. The antibacterial performance was carried out with S.flexneri, C.perfringens, S.typhimurium, and E.faecalis which were all susceptible to the antibacterial action of CdS NPs. At 150µg/ml, S.flexneri and E.faecalis showed a maximum zone of inhibition is 20mm. In addition, A.niger and C.albicans were used to test the antifungal activities, results shows the concentration of 400 µg/ml CdS NPs inhibited the growth of A.flavus (16mm). By using the NRU assay, it was found that the biosynthesized CdS NPs exhibited cytotoxic action against the MCF-7 cell line. Analysis using the NRU assay revealed that treating cell lines with increasing concentrations of NPs had lethal effects. The 24-hour treatment's IC50 was found to be 153.2 µg/ml.

Development of Daruharidra (Berberis aristata) Based Biogenic Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles: Their Implementation as Antibacterial and Novel Therapeutic Agents against Human Breast and Ovarian Cancer

aims: To illustrate novel preparations of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles (CdS NPs) taking economical and widely available daruharidra plant as a stabilizing agent for biogenic synthesis. It has shown to have a great efficiency in treating breast and ovarian cancer. We are focussing on daruharidra as a Herbal analogue that has low risks and side effects, are in expensive and show valuable results in due course of time as compared to conventional drugs. background: Cadmium sulfide (CdS) belongs to the semiconductor nanoparticles' II-VI group. Due to quantum captivity, these nanoparticles have one of kind optoelectronic properties that significantly differ from the bulk material. These nanoparticles having low-dimensional semiconductor properties are receiving significant attention in cancer treatment. In the fields of biochemistry, for the discovery of leads in cancer treatment, Daruharidra extracts in recent years are being explored. Chromatography techniques enable researchers to find hits in any plant extracts that could be used as an anticarcinogen or antitumorigenic agent in many cell lines. objective: The foremost objective of this study was to explore prospects of these nanoparticles as a potent anticancer agent. Human ovarian teratocarcinoma cells (PA1) and human breast cancer cells (MDAMB-231) were tested against these nanoparticles. method: MTT assay analysis to know the cytotoxic effect on cell lines when treated with increasing concentration of NPs was performed. The flow cytometry analysis was performed to understand the apoptosis and cell cycle arrest mechanism. the nanoparticles were also tested for their antibacterial potential by disc diffusion assay. result: IC50 for 24hour treatment was obtained as 97.34µg/ml and 809.75 µg/ml for ovarian and breast cancer cells respectively. It was found that treatment with CdS NPs lead to significant rise in early apoptotic cells i.e. from 2.53% to 13.5% and 3.67% to 12.6% in PA1 and MDAMB-231 cell line respectively. Also the NPs initiate the cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase with subG1 DNA damage in PA1 cells and G0/G1 arrest in MDAMB-231 cells. The NPs showed excellent results against both gram positive and negative bacteria. conclusion: Berberis sp extract can be an intelligible alternative that bears positive effects on people suffering from this disease. The availability of more specific herbal medicine should be more useful to prevent or treat cancer. The amalgation of plant extract and the CdS NPs could cause a paradigm shift in cancer therapy approach. The positive effects of the extract on cells of the human body and the easier targeted delivery can help the recovery of a patient as a whole. It is an unconventional approach. Thus, researchers are encouraged to conduct more research in this field and give credible verification suggesting the use of berberis plant extract in oncology. other: NA

ZnO/CdS based high performance broadband photo-chargeable flexible supercapacitor

Photo-chargeable supercapacitors are attracting significant research interest as promising alternative to energy storage devices suitable for next-generation smart appliances. In this work, a heterojunction of cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanoparticles and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods is obtained for designing a broadband photo responsive symmetrical supercapacitor. Ultraviolet (UV) absorption by ZnO and visible light interaction with the CdS nanoparticles in the heterostructure contribute synergistically to deliver UV to visible broad spectral response. The heterojunction formation is confirmed by field effect scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy with elemental mapping. Areal capacitance was measured in both the dark and under illumination conditions using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge, supported by impedance spectroscopy. Enhancement of areal capacitance from the dark condition was observed between ∼238% to ∼1264% for different illumination in broad spectral range measured from the cyclic voltammetry measurements at a constant scan rate of 50 mV s−1 and achieved a highest capacitance value of ∼139 µF cm−2 under 475 nm visible light for the scan rate of 10 mV s−1. Moreover, the charge generation and storage mechanism under illumination were verified by phototransient response and open-circuit potential measurements. The excellent electrochemical performance observed by maintaining high efficiency (∼94.7%) with improved cyclic stability upto 5000 cycles. A good capacitance retention (∼90%) in bending mode when heterojunction applied in bendable devices provide broad future prospect for the metal oxide-sulphide interface in photo-chargeable smart devices.

PVK-based LEDs doped by cadmium sulphide nanocrystals coated by mixed thiophenol and 1-decanethiol

Nanoparticles capped with more than one ligand have great potential to improve the properties of optoelectronic devices. To discuss this possibility, we synthesized cadmium sulphide nanocrystals coated by two different ligands, 1-decanethiol and thiophenol. In addition, as a reference, cadmium sulphide nanocrystals coated with thiophenol were synthesized. Photoluminescence and UV–Vis absorption measurements indicated that the maximum emission peaks of both cadmium sulphide nanoparticles were located around 600 nm and the absorption edges showed the existence of two different types of crystalline structure, cubic zinc blende and wurzite-type hexagonal. But the nanoparticles with both ligands had higher emission intensity than nanocrystals coated only by thiophenol. Finally, hybrid light-emitting devices have been manufactured with the following structure: Indium Tin Oxide/Poly(3,4-ethylenedi-oxythiophene): poly(styrene sulfonate)/poly(9-vinylcarbazole): cadmium sulphide/Aluminum. These devices presented an active layer composed of poly(9-vinylcarbazole) doped by cadmium sulphide nanocrystals coated only by thiophenol in one case and with thiophenol and 1-decanethiol in the other case. The inclusion of nanocrystals in the active layer increased the current density of these devices. In addition, the solubility in chlorobenzene of nanoparticles with both ligands was improved, due to the presence of 1-decanethiol on their surface. Moreover, the presence of the second ligand intensified the influence of nanoparticles in electroluminescence measurements compared to cadmium sulfide nanocrystals without 1-decanethiol.